Sherman excelled academically at West Point, but he treated the demerit system with indifference. Early life and career "Well, Grant, we've had the devil's own day, haven't we?" [26], Upon graduation in 1840, Sherman entered the army as a second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. [200], Like Grant and Lincoln, Sherman was convinced that the Confederacy's strategic, economic, and psychological ability to wage further war needed to be crushed if the fighting were to end. A neighbour and family friend, Thomas Ewing, brought up Sherman. William Tecumseh Sherman (1874-1961) FamilySearch the Sherman family papers are deposited at the University . [133] Sherman's success caused the collapse of the once powerful "Copperhead" faction within the Democratic Party, which had advocated immediate peace negotiations with the Confederacy. Born in Ohio into a politically prominent family, Sherman graduated in 1840 from the United States Military Academy at West Point. Critical press reports about Sherman began to appear after the U.S. Secretary of War, Simon Cameron, visited Louisville in October 1861. [76] During the fighting, Sherman was grazed by bullets in the knee and shoulder. William Tecumseh Sherman Jr. (1854-1863) FamilySearch [99] According to historian John D. Winters's The Civil War in Louisiana (1963), at this stage Sherman, had yet to display any marked talents for leadership. According to Holden-Reid, Sherman finally "had cut his teeth as an army commander" with the Jackson Expedition. Sherman had, up to that point, achieved mixed success as a general, and controversy attached especially to his performance at Chattanooga. After his father died at an early age, Sherman's mother split the family. [236] In 1873, Sherman wrote in a private letter that "during an assault, the soldiers can not pause to distinguish between male and female, or even discriminate as to age. The couple later had eight children, two of whom died from sickness while Sherman was serving in the Civil War. Sherman and Ellen had eight children, including three sons in addition to Willie, but none came close to replacing him in their father's affections. [160], Sherman believed that the terms that he had agreed to were consistent with the views that Lincoln had expressed at City Point, and that they offered the best way to prevent Johnston from ordering his men to go into the wilderness and conduct a destructive guerrilla campaign. Johnston did catch a serious cold and died one month later of pneumonia. Civil War Union Major General and later General of the United States Army. Free delivery for many products! [295] More recently, historians such as Brian Holden-Reid have challenged such readings of Sherman's record and of his contributions to modern warfare. William Tecumseh Sherman married his foster sister. [263] However, Sherman did include the views of some others in the appendices to the new edition.[j][k]. According to British military historian Brian Holden-Reid, "if Sherman had committed tactical errors during the attack, he more than compensated for these during the subsequent retreat". By Himself, published by D. Appleton & Company in two volumes, began with the year 1846 (when the Mexican War began) and ended with a chapter about the "military lessons of the [civil] war". Sherman also earned money from surveying and by the sale of lots in Sacramento and Benicia. After World War II, the Nuremberg Charter defined war crimes as . William Tecumseh Sherman : Family tree by Tim DOWLING (tdowling [114][115], Ordered to relieve the Union forces besieged in the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee, Sherman departed from Memphis on October 11, 1863, aboard a train bound for Chattanooga. [230] He was successful in negotiating other treaties, such as the removal of Navajos from the Bosque Redondo to traditional lands in Western New Mexico. Sherman then succeeded Grant at the head of the Army of the Tennessee. Gen. Sherman's Unlikely Path to Founding a Military School for Officers The assassination of Lincoln had caused the political climate in Washington to turn against the prospect of a rapid reconciliation with the defeated Confederates and the Johnson administration rejected Sherman's terms. Senator Ewing secured an appointment for the 16-year-old Sherman as a cadet in the United States Military Academy at West Point. Sherman served in that capacity from 1869 until 1883 and was responsible for the U.S. Army's engagement in the Indian Wars. [312], This is actually a re-printing of the second, revised edition of 1889, published by D. Appleton & Company, of New York City. [51][52] In 1856, during the vigilante period, he served briefly as a major general of the California militia. In 1829, when Sherman was 9, his father died unexpectedly. [176] Their fate soon became a pressing military and political issue. The Confederate victory at Kennesaw Mountain did little to halt Sherman's advance towards Atlanta. War is cruelty, and you cannot refine it; and those who brought war into our country deserve all the curses and maledictions a people can pour out. In March, Halleck's command was redesignated the Department of the Mississippi and enlarged to unify command in the West. [179][180] According to historian Eric Foner, "the 'Colloquy' between Sherman, Stanton, and the black leaders offered a rare lens through which the experience of slavery and the aspirations that would help to shape Reconstruction came into sharp focus."[176]. Spouse(s) Amelia Rose Slavick Sherman's nine-year-old son, Willie, the "Little Sergeant", died from typhoid fever contracted during the trip. Rachel Ewing Thorndike daughter Robert Otho Sherman son Eleanor Mary Thackara daughter Mary A. Pickering daughter William Tecumseh Sherman, Jr. son Charles Celestine Sherman son Philemon Tecumseh Sherman son Hon. [57] Colonel Joseph P. Taylor, brother of the late President Zachary Taylor, declared that "if you had hunted the whole Army, from one end of it to the other, you could not have found a man in it more admirably suited for the position in every respect than Sherman."[58]. [45][46] He resigned his commission in 1853 and entered civilian life as manager of the San Francisco branch of the Bank of Lucas, Turner & Co., whose corporate headquarters were in St. Louis. In his Memoirs, Sherman commented on the political pressures of 18641865 to encourage the escape of slaves, in part to avoid the possibility that "able-bodied slaves will be called into the military service of the rebels". The Scourge of War: The Life of William Tecumseh Sherman By Brian Holden Reid Oxford University Press, 2020, $34.95. [68] In early April, Sherman declined Montgomery Blair's offer of the administrative position of chief clerk in the War Department, despite Blair's promise that it would be followed by nomination as Assistant Secretary of War after the U.S. Congress assembled in July. Like Grant, he graduated from the military academy at West Point. General William Tecumseh Sherman Genealogy - RootsWeb On April 9, Sherman relayed to his troops the news that Lee had surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House and that the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia had ceased to exist. in New York City, New York, USA, This form allows you to report an error or to submit additional information about this family tree: William Tecumseh SHERMAN (1820), Copyright Wikipdia authors - This article is under licence CC BY-SA 3.0. March 03, 1576/77 in Dedham d: May 30, 1660 in Boston, MA . [226] Sherman also clashed with Eastern humanitarians who were critical of the army's harsh treatment of the Indians and who had apparently found an ally in President Grant. Liddell Hart. Sheridan used hard-war tactics similar to those he and Sherman had employed in the Civil War. I am not and cannot be. [166][167][168] Before the war, Sherman expressed some sympathy with the view of Southern whites that the black race was benefiting from slavery, although he opposed breaking up slave families and advocated that laws forbidding the education of slaves be repealed. Other. [87] Operating from Paducah, Kentucky, he provided logistical support for the operations of Grant to capture Fort Donelson in February 1862. In Louisiana, he became a close friend of professor David French Boyd, a native of Virginia and an enthusiastic secessionist. Here, buffalo skulls are piled up at a glueworks . The army took 4,000 prisoners and commandeered many wagons and horses. After a relatively long. General Sherman, The Negro, and Slavery: The Story of An Unrecognized Rebel The severity of the destructive acts by Union troops was significantly greater in South Carolina than in Georgia or North Carolina. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio, near the shores of the Hocking River. In studies I always held a respectable reputation with the professors, and generally ranked among the best, especially in drawing, chemistry, mathematics, and natural philosophy. William Tecumseh Sherman by James L. McDonough - eBay The Unwilling Catholic: General William Tecumseh Sherman Roger Sherman | Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of [195], Liddell Hart credited Sherman with mastery of maneuver warfare, also known as the "indirect approach". [226] Tasked with guarding a vast territory with limited forces, Sherman grew weary of the multitude of requests for military protection addressed to him. HE MARRIED HIS FOSTER SISTER. After his father's death, the nine-year-old Sherman was raised by a Lancaster neighbor and family friend, attorney Thomas Ewing, a prominent member of the Whig Party who served as senator from Ohio and as the first Secretary of the Interior. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Died on February 14, 1891 in New York City, New York, USA. [98] Grant made Sherman a corps commander and put him in charge of half of his forces. The Sherman House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Civil War Preservation Trail and has been a memorial to the family since 1951. On November 25, Sherman took his assigned target of Billy Goat Hill at the north end of the ridge, only to find that it was separated from the main spine by a rock-strewn ravine. [292] This led to the publication of several works, notably John B. Walters's Merchant of Terror: General Sherman and Total War (1973),[293] that presented Sherman as responsible for "a mode of warfare which transgressed all ethical rules and showed an utter disregard for human rights and dignity. Ellen and William had eight children together. . In early November, Sherman asked to be relieved of his command. Sherman commanded a brigade of volunteers at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861 before being transferred to the Western Theater. McPherson. [28], While many of his colleagues saw action in the MexicanAmerican War, Sherman was assigned to administrative duties in the captured territory of California. [63], In January 1861, as more Southern states seceded from the Union, Sherman was required to take receipt of arms surrendered to the Louisiana State Militia by the U.S. arsenal at Baton Rouge. Then, as now, neatness in dress and form, with a strict conformity to the rules, were the qualifications required for office, and I suppose I was found not to excel in any of these. [268], On February 19, a funeral service was held at his home, followed by a military procession. Harrison, in a message to the Senate and the House of Representatives, wrote that: He was an ideal soldier, and shared to the fullest the esprit de corps of the army, but he cherished the civil institutions organized under the Constitution, and was only a soldier that these might be perpetuated in undiminished usefulness and honor. One, Charles, was conceived during the. Despite his harsh treatment of the warring tribes, Sherman spoke out against speculators and government agents who abused the Native Americans living within the reservations. [229] He testified in the trial on April 11 and 13, 1868. [91], With a heavy rain coming down [at the end of the first day of fighting at Shiloh, Sherman] came upon Grant standing under a large oak tree, his cigar glowing in the darkness. [24] Fellow cadet William Rosecrans remembered Sherman as "one of the brightest and most popular fellows" at the academy and as "a bright-eyed, red-headed fellow, who was always prepared for a lark of any kind". The publication of Sherman's memoirs sparked controversy and drew complaints from many quarters. William Tecumseh Sherman, Sr. (1820 - 1891) - Genealogy [123] When Lincoln called Grant east in the spring of 1864 to take command of all the Union armies, Grant appointed Sherman (by then known to his soldiers as "Uncle Billy") to succeed him as head of the Military Division of the Mississippi, which entailed command of Union troops in the Western Theater of the war. In his memoirs, Sherman would later write that he saw that new assignment as breaking a promise by President Lincoln that he would not be given such a prominent leadership position. [40] Even though he earned a brevet promotion to captain in 1848 for his "meritorious service", his lack of combat experience and relatively slow advancement within the army discouraged him. William Tecumseh Sherman, c. 1860-65. [122] However, he enjoyed Grant's confidence and friendship. 1869-1934) Susan Denman Sherman (b. Oct. 10, 1825-Jan. 10, 1876) Married: second wife of Thomas Wells Bartley, Nov. 7, 1848 Sherman proved instrumental to mounting the successful Union counterattack of the following day, April 7, 1862. "[73], Sherman was first commissioned as colonel of the 13th U.S. Infantry Regiment, effective May 14, 1861. [208][209] Though exact figures are not available, the loss of civilian life appears to have been very small. [183][184] Those orders, which became the basis of the claim that the Union government had promised freed slaves "forty acres and a mule", were revoked later that year by President Johnson. [67] While trying to hold himself aloof from politics, he observed first-hand the efforts of Congressman Frank Blair, who later served under Sherman in the U.S. Army, to keep Missouri in the Union. "[125], Sherman proceeded to invade the state of Georgia with three armies: the 60,000-strong Army of the Cumberland under Thomas, the 25,000-strong Army of the Tennessee under James B. McPherson, and the 13,000-strong Army of the Ohio under John M. Born William Tecumseh SHERMAN. "[27] Sherman was later stationed in Georgia and South Carolina. Shortly after the Union forces occupied Corinth on May 30, Sherman persuaded Grant not to resign from his command, despite the serious difficulties he was having with Halleck. In 1875, Henry V. Boynton published a critical review of Sherman's memoirs "based upon compilations from the records of the war office". William Sherman was born at Lancaster, Ohio, on February 8 th 1820. President Zachary Taylor, vice president Millard Fillmore and other political luminaries attended the wedding. [140] At the end of this campaign, known as Sherman's March to the Sea, his troops took Savannah on December 21, 1864. [106], The failure of the first phase of the campaign against Vicksburg led Grant to formulate an unorthodox new strategy, which called for the invading Union army to separate from its supply train and subsist by foraging. [240], When Grant became president in 1869, Sherman was appointed Commanding General of the United States Army and promoted to the rank of full general. [188][189][190] In that essay, Sherman called upon the South to "let the negro vote, and count his vote honestly", adding that "otherwise, so sure as there is a God in Heaven, you will have another war, more cruel than the last, when the torch and dagger will take the place of the muskets of well-ordered battalions". Samuel Sherman (1618-1700) | WikiTree FREE Family Tree Sherman's initial assignments were rear-echelon commands, first of an instructional barracks near St. Louis and then in command of the District of Cairo. Only in your spirit and determination are you prepared for war. [93] At Shiloh, Sherman was wounded twicein the hand and shoulderand had three horses shot out from under him. According to Lewis's account, which was repeated by later authors, Sherman was baptized in the Ewing home by a Dominican priest who found the pagan name "Tecumseh" unsuitable and instead named the child "William" after the saint on whose feast day the baptism took place. He was the son of lawyer Charles R. Sherman and Mary Hoyt both originally of Norwalk, CT. His grandfather, Honorable Taylor Sherman, was a well respected attorney and judge in Norwalk, CT, and, after his death in 1815, his widow and family migrated to OH. In December, he was put on leave by Henry W. Halleck, commander of the Department of the Missouri, who found him unfit for duty and sent him to Lancaster, Ohio, to recuperate. 04/14/13 re: Sherman Family: (1) John Sherman was 'appointed' Senator from Ohio by the State Legislature and Governor; W.T. For further details about Sherman's banking career, see Dwight L. Clarke. Date of Birth - Death February 8, 1820 - February 14, 1891. Louis. [213] This made repairs extremely difficult at a time when the Confederacy lacked both iron and heavy machinery.[214]. This new edition, published by Appleton, added a second preface, a chapter about his life up to 1846, a chapter concerning the post-war period (ending with his 1884 retirement from the army), several appendices, portraits, improved maps, and an index. [75], The engagement at Bull Run ended in a disastrous defeat for the Union, dashing the hopes for a rapid resolution of the conflict over secession. Instead of complying, he resigned his position as superintendent, declaring to the governor of Louisiana that "on no earthly account will I do any act or think any thought hostile to or in defiance of the old Government of the United States. North Carolina, unlike its southern neighbor, was regarded by the Union troops as a reluctant Confederate state,[153] having been second from last to secede from the Union, ahead only of Tennessee. Some of the most recently added connections of famous kin for General William Tecumseh Sherman Alice French (aka Octave Thanet) Novelist and Short Story Writer 6th cousin 1 time removed via Rev. Sherman's success in Georgia received ample coverage in the Northern press at a time when Grant seemed to be making little progress in his fight against Confederate general Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. [150], Sherman captured Columbia, the state capital, on February 17, 1865. On April 20, Sherman dispatched a memorandum with those terms to the government in Washington. Although he was impatient, often irritable and depressed, petulant, headstrong, and unreasonably gruff, he had solid soldierly qualities. He dealt in a friendly and unaffected way with the black people that he met during his career. But you cannot have peace and a division of our country. William Tecumseh Sherman's early military career was a near disaster, having to be temporarily relieved of command. "Lick 'em tomorrow, though. [161] The U.S. Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton, leaked Sherman's memorandum to The New York Times, intimating that Sherman might have been bribed to allow Davis to escape capture by the Union troops. Southern Generals And Admirals Who Chose To Fight For The Union - MSN Amelia McComb (Williams) (1816 - 1862) - Genealogy [271] Former U.S. president and Civil War veteran Rutherford B. Hayes, who attended both ceremonies, said at the time that Sherman had been "the most interesting and original character in the world. Though the commission was responsible for the negotiation of the Medicine Lodge Treaty and the Treaty of Fort Laramie, Sherman did not play a significant role in the drafting of those treaties because in both cases he was called away to Washington during the negotiations. [72] On June 3, he wrote in a letter to his brother-in-law: "I still think it is to be a long warvery longmuch longer than any Politician thinks. On the other hand, he was adamantly opposed to the secession of the southern states. According to Sherman's biographer Robert O'Connell, "Shiloh marked the turning point of his life. [6] British military theorist and historian B.H. Liddell Hart declared that Sherman was "the most original genius of the American Civil War" and "the first modern general".[7][8]. [267] President Benjamin Harrison, who served under Sherman, sent a telegram to Sherman's family and ordered all national flags to be flown at half staff. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. William Tecumseh Sherman was born 8 February 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, into a family of eleven. [53], Sherman's San Francisco branch closed in May 1857, and he relocated to New York City on behalf of the same bank, travelling on the steamer SS Central America. At the insistence of Johnston, Confederate president Jefferson Davis, and Confederate Secretary of War John C. Breckinridge, Sherman conditionally agreed to generous terms that dealt with both military and political issues. Linked pages will continue with descendants of each main line, in a growing database of Sherman lines, both of English and other roots. Eventually, Sherman won approval from his superiors for a plan to cut loose from his communications and march south, having advised Grant that he could "make Georgia howl".
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