Conviction ratios were higher for summary offences and as a higher proportion of female offences were summary, this in part explains the higher conviction ratio for female offenders. Data are also provided on a trend basis dating back to 2000 to 2001 and 2005 to 2006 onwards for more detailed data. Cautions issued[footnote 33][footnote 34] These figures are calculated differently from those used for the Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019 bulletin, which is used as the basis for the section on plea at the Crown Court and the remainder of the Crown Court committal section they are not directly comparable to these sections. This report is also accompanied by an infographic summarising key findings. A higher proportion of females also reported having a child under 18. Twenty-nine percent of fathers see their children, 1-4 times a month. , Further information regarding the impacts on published estimates of the ongoing data reforms seen in the criminal courts can be found at the following link: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/criminal-court-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020/criminal-court-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020, Plea data is sourced from the Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019 bulletin and excludes companies, defendants with unknown sex and unknown plea. Give detailed and full explanations as to why the revisions were necessary. As discussed in Chapter 5: Defendants, in 2019, 26% of individuals[footnote 113] prosecuted in England and Wales were female[footnote 114]. In 2019, the number of individuals who self-harmed per 1,000 prisoners was 335 for females and 148 for males. The total number of defendants in 2019 including those who fail to appear, companies and where gender is unknown was 1.44 million. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. National Statistics status means that official statistics meet the highest standards of trustworthiness, quality and public value. Female representation within MoJ and CPS remained constant. For both sexes, the child custody rate has remained broadly stable since 2015, at 8% for males and 2% for females. 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G, including English & Maths. The strategy sets out the Governments commitment to a new programme of work for female offenders, which will take some years to deliver, driven by our vision to see: The strategy aims to take an evidence-based approach to reducing crime and rehabilitating offenders. In 2019, 1.29 million defendants[footnote 48] were directed to appear at magistrates courts (including those who failed to appear). Child Custody and Gender Bias: Are Courts Anti-Father? , Out of court disposals available to the police and CPS in 2019 included: simple and conditional cautions; cannabis and khat warnings; penalty notices for disorder (PNDs); and community resolutions. Over the last 5 years, the proportion of prosecutions for summary non-motoring offences has been decreasing for both male and female defendants, offset by increases in both indictable and summary motoring offences. , This section looks at persons only and excludes those where sex is not stated. Despite this, a higher proportion of females reported verbal abuse, threats and bullying from other prisoners. Of all female prosecutions, 56% were brought forward by a prosecuting authority other than the police, compared to 23% for male defendants. , In this chapter, children refers to those aged 10 to 15 unless stated otherwise. Every effort is made to ensure that the figures presented are accurate and complete. Further information on other strands of defendants prosecuted for domestic abuse, rape and child abuse can be found in the CPS Quarterly Data Summaries Quarter 4 2019/20[footnote 6]. Reported in the Judicial Diversity Statistics 2020 publication, the quoted figures cover all court judges, i.e. In June 2019, the number of children and young people up to 18 years old in secure estates[footnote 61] was 885, of which 3% were female. In 2017, the aggregate amount of child support that was expected for receipt was $30 billion; 62% of that amount was actually received, averaging $3,431 per custodial parent. In 2019, 60,800 cautions were issued, 78% to males and 22% to females. The study relied solely on electronically available published opinions in child custody cases (n = 4,338). , Where sex is known. As with custodial sentences, females on average received shorter community orders (11.6 months) and suspended sentence orders (16.6 months) on compared to males (at 12.5 and 17.3 months respectively). Youth custody data for April 2018 published. (Office of National Statistics) 1 in 3 children - nearly 4 million in total - live without their father. It is important to note in the following analysis that there are many young people in the overall pupil population that have the characteristics described and do not go on to offend[footnote 93]. , Senior roles are as follows: CPS: Senior Legal Manager, Chief Crown Prosecutor and Senior Civil Servant; MoJ: Senior Civil Servant; HMPPS: Senior Civil Servant; Police: Chief Inspector, Superintendent, Chief Superintendent, and Chief Officers; Judiciary: High Court Judges, Heads of Division and Lord Justices of Appeal. , See the Families and Households 2019 dataset for further information on household types. Between 2015 and 2019, female children saw the largest decline, a decrease of 35% in prosecutions, compared to a 29% decrease for male children that were prosecuted over the same period. Youth justice custody report - August 2014 published. Female homicide victims were most often between 25-34 years old (17%). Offenders with 15 or more previous cautions or convictions. Of all female offenders cautioned or convicted in 2019, 35% were first time offenders, compared to 22% for males. In 2019, the same proportion (98%) of PNDs issued were for higher tier offences for both males and females. Penalty Notices for Disorder (PND)[footnote 32] issued. (2020). , The overall increase in ACSL may be connected to changes in sentencing guidelines see accompanying technical guide for further details. 62.9% of custodial fathers are non-Hispanic white men. This is driven in part by a higher proportion of female offenders getting sentenced for offences that tend to receive shorter sentences. Figure 7.03: Average Custodial Sentence Lengths (ACSL) for indictable offences by sex and ethnic group, England and Wales, 2019. CJS_Statistics@justice.gov.uk. Figure 3.01: Percentage of adults who were victims of personal crime, by type, year ending March 2019. Custodial Mothers and Fathers and Their Child Support: 2017 - Census.gov As a consequence, care should be taken to ensure the limitations of these data are taken into account. In 2019, the number of individuals who self-harmed per 1,000 prisoners was 335 for females and 148 for males[footnote 67]. , Details can be found in the Technical Guide published alongside this report. Youth Custody Report for July 2013 published. The median offence to completion for all individual offence groups is higher for females than males except for violence against the person and theft offences. The greater tendency for female first time offenders to be cautioned or convicted for theft aligns with trends for offenders more generally, as discussed in Chapter 4: Police Activity. Youth custody data - GOV.UK Figure 5.02: Individuals dealt with formally by the CJS, by sex, 2015 to 2019. Consistently, White females and males had the shortest ACSL while Asian females and males had the longest ACSL for indictable offences in 2019 at 20.8 months and 28.4 months, respectively. Youth custody report November 2017 and youth custody data for November 2017 published. , See the Criminal justice statistics outcomes by offence data tool in Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019 to obtain all statistics on prosecutions, convictions and sentencing quoted in this chapter. Publish a time-series of revisions due to errors in our statistical processes and procedures so we can monitor the quality of our outputs. , Questions on the offence category Causing sexual activity without consent were removed from the CSEW 2019/20, therefore the total category of any sexual assault (including attempts) no longer includes this category. Similarly, in just over half of all . Annual figures are then produced by aggregating the four 3-monthly cohorts within each given year. Her Majestys Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) Equalities report was also released on the same day as this report. , For 2014/15, following SEND reforms, SEN pupils are categorised as SEN with a statement or Education, health and care (EHC) plan and SEN support. This includes those aged under 18 and 18 year olds. Therefore, Figure 3.01 refers to the previous year, 2018/19. [A pupil may be excluded for one or more fixed periods up to a maximum of 45 school days in a single academic year. The custody rate for this offence was 14% for females and 34% for males in 2019. This was much higher than the proportion of all year 11 pupils who had SEN with a statement (including both offenders and non-offenders) in 2013/14[footnote 106] and 2014/15 [footnote 107](2% for young females and 5% for young males). , This section looks at persons only and excludes those where sex is not stated. SEN support replaces school action and school action plus but some pupils remain with these provision types in first year of transition. In 2019, 13% of females were cautioned or convicted as first time offenders for theft offences, compared with 7% of males. version of this document in a more accessible format, please email, Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Safety in the Children and Young People Secure Estate: Update to June 2022. The overall levels of attainment for the cohort are slightly higher for the young female group, with 46% achieving 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G, including English and Maths, compared to 43% for young males. You have rejected additional cookies. Figure 5.10: Proportion of offenders sentenced, by sentencing outcome and sex, 2019, Sentencing outcomes for indictable offences. Britain has the highest proportion of fatherless families (2 million) of any major European country. Findings from a recent data sharing exercise between the MoJ and the Department for Education (DfE) are presented here, with analysis on a matched cohort of those who were in Year 6 in either 2008/09 or 2009/10 and who were aged ten at the start of those academic years[footnote 91][footnote 92]. In 2019, 43% of all PSRs were written, fast delivery PSRs[footnote 52] (females 39%, males 44%). Court judges have seen similar increases to 26% female staff, largely driven by High Court Judge appointments. Youth custody report for September 2015 published. The overall child conviction ratio for indictable offences remained broadly stable since 2015, at 70%. Figure 5.12: Proportion of offenders sentenced to immediate custody, by custodial sentence length and sex, 2019[footnote 58]. , Source: GCSE and equivalent results: 2013 to 2014 (revised) National tables: Table 3a: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils at the end of key stage 4 by type of school and gender. Child Support - Census.gov No causative links can be drawn from these summary statistics, differences observed may indicate areas worth further investigation, but should not be taken as evidence of unequal treatments or as direct effects of sex. In 2019, 96% of child custodial sentences were given to male children[footnote 84]. Over the last five years, female representation has remained constant within the MoJ (67% in 2019). The Authority considers whether the statistics meet the highest standards of Code compliance, including the value they add to public decisions and debate. Male children reported a significantly higher proportion of being a victim of a CSEW crime at 9.0%, compared to 4.0% of females[footnote 7][footnote 8]. Over the last 5 years, there have been increases in female representation across almost all CJS organisations and in the proportion of senior staff. The indictable offences with the highest proportion of females among those convicted in 2019 were: Cruelty to or neglect of children females made up 60% of the 427 convictions in 2019, the same proportion as in 2015. The number of individuals formally dealt with by the CJS includes defendants prosecuted at magistrates court and individuals given a caution or Penalty Notice for Disorder (PND). Figure 5.11: Proportion of offenders sentenced for indictable offences, by sentencing outcome and sex, 2019, Sentence lengths and average custodial sentence length (ACSL). The most common sentence for indictable benefit fraud offences was a community sentence, received by 51% of females and 53% of males sentenced in 2019. Reference will usually be made to children by which we refer to individuals aged 10 to 17 years of age[footnote 80][footnote 81]. It has not been possible to accurately replicate the existing methodology and produce robust estimates in time for this release following changes to the way that data are recorded. A contributing factor is the greater availability of females when an enforcement officer visits the home[footnote 116]. Figure 8.05: Custody rate by sex for indictable offences with the highest number of female offenders sentenced, England and Wales, 2019. , Standard PSR A standard delivery (adjourned) Pre-Sentence Report is based on a full risk assessment and is suitable for medium and high seriousness cases and/or where a custody is being considered. , A first reception is a measure which counts a prisoners first movement into custody following a court hearing for a particular set of offences committed. In addition, the annual report from the Head of Profession to the National Statistician will: Provide information on how many revisions were required to our publications and the reasons for these. The proportion of female legal aid recipients in the Crown Court was lower with 10% of the crime higher legal aid workload in 2019[footnote 42].